What is the antenna current path or route
 

Pseudo experts of fractional wavelength antennas.
Where does the current flow when it reaches the END of a fractional
length?
verticle antenna and why?
How does this relate to the term "end effect"?
If you have already written a book then tell us what the auther said.
Art KB9MZ.....XG

What is the antenna current path or route
 

On Thu, 18 Oct 2007 17:04:26 -0700, art wrote:

Where does the current flow when it reaches the END of a fractional
length?

Does this question anticipate your introduction of a PaleoGaussic
theory of any single electron flowing from end-to-end (of any antenna)
in the time it takes to resonate?

Hint: Even an English Major knows Electrons at 160M would barely
wiggle an µM away from the feedpoint before they turned around and
went back on the next half of the first cycle - etc.

73's
Richard Clark, KB7QHC

What is the antenna current path or route
 

"art" wrote in message
oups.com...
Pseudo experts of fractional wavelength antennas.
Where does the current flow when it reaches the END of a fractional
length?
verticle antenna and why?
How does this relate to the term "end effect"?
If you have already written a book then tell us what the auther said.
Art KB9MZ.....XG


it turns around and goes right back down the way it came.

What is the antenna current path or route
 

On 19 Oct, 03:55, "Dave" wrote:
"art" wrote in message

oups.com...

Pseudo experts of fractional wavelength antennas.
Where does the current flow when it reaches the END of a fractional
length?
verticle antenna and why?
How does this relate to the term "end effect"?
If you have already written a book then tell us what the auther said.
Art KB9MZ.....XG

it turns around and goes right back down the way it came.

So a electrical generater doesn't keep turning in one direction
but instead it occillates at the desired frequency.
I have never seen one do that!
And "end effect" is the confusion created at the top of the radiator

What is the antenna current path or route
 

"art" wrote in message
ps.com...
On 19 Oct, 03:55, "Dave" wrote:
"art" wrote in message

oups.com...

Pseudo experts of fractional wavelength antennas.
Where does the current flow when it reaches the END of a fractional
length?
verticle antenna and why?
How does this relate to the term "end effect"?
If you have already written a book then tell us what the auther said.
Art KB9MZ.....XG

it turns around and goes right back down the way it came.

So a electrical generater doesn't keep turning in one direction
but instead it occillates at the desired frequency.
I have never seen one do that!
And "end effect" is the confusion created at the top of the radiator


'end effect' is an effect of the capacitance seen from the end of the
antenna to ground or the other part of a dipole.

how does a generator come into this? you feed current into a wire with an
open end, it gets to the end, reverses direction and goes back to where it
started. no frequency was stated or implied all you asked was where there
'current' went... that could be any kind of current including a step or
pulse or sinusoids of any frequency.

What is the antenna current path or route
 

"art" wrote
And "end effect" is the confusion created
at the top of the radiator
____________

Those wanting a more accurate description can find it here...

http://books.google.com/books?id=U-3...n8RnFgaJ57mgyo

RF

What is the antenna current path or route
 

On 19 Oct, 06:45, "Dave" wrote:
"art" wrote in message

ps.com...





On 19 Oct, 03:55, "Dave" wrote:
"art" wrote in message

groups.com...

Pseudo experts of fractional wavelength antennas.
Where does the current flow when it reaches the END of a fractional
length?
verticle antenna and why?
How does this relate to the term "end effect"?
If you have already written a book then tell us what the auther said.
Art KB9MZ.....XG

it turns around and goes right back down the way it came.

So a electrical generater doesn't keep turning in one direction
but instead it occillates at the desired frequency.
I have never seen one do that!
And "end effect" is the confusion created at the top of the radiator

'end effect' is an effect of the capacitance seen from the end of the
antenna to ground or the other part of a dipole.

how does a generator come into this? you feed current into a wire with an
open end, it gets to the end, reverses direction and goes back to where it
started. no frequency was stated or implied all you asked was where there
'current' went... that could be any kind of current including a step or
pulse or sinusoids of any frequency.- Hide quoted text -

- Show quoted text -

The current comes from a generator does it not? So how is that current
produced?
I see a generator turning in one direction only all the time where you
are suggesting that it is occillating.
Pretty hard to draw a circuit if it tracks back the way it came.
Draw a graph of an occillating current as you would see on a scope
that shows two degrees of freedom.
Does the "x" direction stop after a half cycle?

What is the antenna current path or route
 

art wrote:
On 19 Oct, 03:55, "Dave" wrote:
"art" wrote in message

oups.com...

Pseudo experts of fractional wavelength antennas.
Where does the current flow when it reaches the END of a fractional
length?
verticle antenna and why?
How does this relate to the term "end effect"?
If you have already written a book then tell us what the auther said.
Art KB9MZ.....XG
it turns around and goes right back down the way it came.

So a electrical generater doesn't keep turning in one direction
but instead it occillates at the desired frequency.
I have never seen one do that!
And "end effect" is the confusion created at the top of the radiator


I don't have to be an engineer to question this one. An electrical
"generator" does indeed keep turning in a single direction. It has
brushes and split commutator rings to keep the current flowing in only
one direction. That is in the very nature of a "generator." The device
I suspect that you are alluding to is an "alternator" in which a
magnetic field is rotated through a coil of wire and passes through both
halves of the coil at the same time. Since in a well designed, single
phase alternator the center of the magnetic field and the center of the
coil of wire are coincident the current does indeed alternate because
unlike a generator the alternator does not include any means of flopping
the connections on the coil in time with the magnetic field. So as the
negative and positive fields of the magnet pass through each half of the
coil of wire in turn the current reverses direction.
--
Tom Horne, W3TDH

What is the antenna current path or route
 

Art wrote:
"And "end effect" is the confusion created at the top of the radiator."

When the signal arrives at the open circuit end of the antenna, current
can not continue its forward flow. It abruptly stops, no longer
producing a magnetic field.

Energy from the magnetic field is converted to energy in the electric
field for an instant (Cecil`s famous conservation of energy). This
produces an insreased voltage at the open circuit end. This incresed
voltage has more capacitive effect, akin to the "Miller effect" caused
by the higher signal voltage on the plate of an amplifier vacuum tube
than on its grid.

On a transmission line or on an antenna system, we used to call this
capacitive action the "Ferranti effect"

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

What is the antenna current path or route
 

On Oct 19, 6:52 am, "Richard Fry" wrote:
"art" wrote And "end effect" is the confusion created
at the top of the radiator

____________

Those wanting a more accurate description can find it here...

http://books.google.com/books?id=U-3...&dq=antenna+en...

RF

Thanks, Richard. I notice that article references King, I assume
Ronold W. P. King, who wrote some very nice qualitative explanations
of various linear and loop antennas in King, Mimno and Wing's
"Transmission Lines, Antennas and Waveguides."

There's also a nice explanation that I feel is quite accurate in
Joseph Boyer's "The Antenna--Transmission Line Analog," from Ham Radio
magazine, April and May 1977. I believe I have it somewhere as a PDF,
scanned from the article.

Cheers,
Tom

What is the antenna current path or route
 

On 19 Oct, 09:04, (Richard Harrison) wrote:
Art wrote:

"And "end effect" is the confusion created at the top of the radiator."
I was carrying on the train of thought of the poster, I have made it
quite clear what my thoughts are.

When the signal arrives at the open circuit end of the antenna, current
can not continue its forward flow. It abruptly stops, no longer
producing a magnetic field.

Who says so? I suspect that in the recognition of a measurement
problem
you theorised what might have , could have etc to match your faulty
logic.


..


Energy from the magnetic field is converted to energy in the electric
field for an instant (Cecil`s famous conservation of energy). This
produces an insreased voltage at the open circuit end. This incresed
voltage has more capacitive effect, akin to the "Miller effect" caused
by the higher signal voltage on the plate of an amplifier vacuum tube
than on its grid.

All this is faulty logic manufactured to suit your intelligence.
Radiation is a function of the release of energy from capacitance and
inductance
during a cycle i.e. a parallel circuit called a "tank circuit: which
can also
be seen as a loss less system ala a pendulum.
This goes back to what I say about books. Anybody can write one. It is
up
to the reader to follow the dots of logic displayed to determine
agreement
not to swallow it and memorise it.





On a transmission line or on an antenna system, we used to call this
capacitive action the "Ferranti effect"

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

What is the antenna current path or route
 

Art wrote:
"Who says so?"

Many. It is commonly held opinion.

Frederick Emmons Terman writes on page 89 of his 1955 opus:

"When the load impedance is infinite, Eq. (4-14) shows that that the
coeficient of reflection will be 1 on an angle of 0. Under these
conditions the incident and reflected waves will have equal magnitudes
at the load, and the reflection will be such that the voltages of the
incident and reflected waves have the same phase. As a result, the
voltages of the two waves add mathematically so that at the load
E1=E2+EL/2.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

What is the antenna current path or route
 

On 19 Oct, 11:43, (Richard Harrison) wrote:
Art wrote:

"Who says so?"

Many. It is commonly held opinion.
Right, it is opinion not factual.
There is no proof what so ever that is what happens.
So you must also consider alernatives.
Current can go out into space which doesn't seem plausible
Current can flow inside the copper wire which is plausible

So now we have a measurement problem. How can we track
one path from the other or you come up with a reason
that it can't flow thru the center of copper



Frederick Emmons Terman writes on page 89 of his 1955 opus:

"When the load impedance is infinite,

WELL,WELL,WELL!

Probably true except for one thing.... THE LOAD IMPEDANCE IS NOT
INFINITE !
See what I mean about books. It is not a case of remembering what
somebody
said it is a case of connecting the dots with good logic that one
finds
unmistakable agreement.
Which brings up another point with respect to radiation about which
many admit is not known.
If the laws of Maxwell are in agreement with the extension of Gauss
which many say
of the latter is not correct then logic states we should remove
Maxwell.
Problem is that computor programs based on Maxwell laws also confirm
Gaussian law.
So now YOU connect the dots. Maxwell is correct? Computor programs
based on Maxwell
are correct. Computor programs confirm Gausses law extensions re
adding a time varying field.
Mathematics support Gaussian verification of Gaussion law, so
where is the logic of condemming Gaussian law and yet not condemming
all other laws?

Lesson: Use your own logic before referring what you read to memory
otherwise
you are just a member of the herd without a contribution of your own.
Just follow the arse of who goes before youand ignor the smell
Art


Eq. (4-14) shows that that the
coeficient of reflection will be 1 on an angle of 0. Under these
conditions the incident and reflected waves will have equal magnitudes
at the load, and the reflection will be such that the voltages of the
incident and reflected waves have the same phase. As a result, the
voltages of the two waves add mathematically so that at the load
E1=E2+EL/2.

Meaningless jabber since it is based on "infinite impedance" which is
in error.
thus the analysis is in error for the circumstances at hand.


Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

What is the antenna current path or route
 

Art wrote:
"THE LOAD IMPEDANCE IS NOT INFINITE!"

Relative to the impedance of a reasonable antenna. the impedance of the
atmosphere or the impedance of free-space is non-conductive.
When the signal following the conductive surface of an antenna reaches
its end of the conductive path, current reverses its direction of travel
of necessity.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

What is the antenna current path or route
 

I mistyped: E1=E2+EL/2

The + sign should have been an = sign. I didn`t remove my finger from
the dhift register in time and the wrong character emerged (a + instead
of the = sign). I am sorry. It should have read:

E1=E2=EL/2 because EL is the sum of E1 and E2 which are equal.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

What is the antenna current path or route
 

"art" wrote in message
oups.com...
On 19 Oct, 06:45, "Dave" wrote:
"art" wrote in message

ps.com...





On 19 Oct, 03:55, "Dave" wrote:
"art" wrote in message

groups.com...

Pseudo experts of fractional wavelength antennas.
Where does the current flow when it reaches the END of a fractional
length?
verticle antenna and why?
How does this relate to the term "end effect"?
If you have already written a book then tell us what the auther
said.
Art KB9MZ.....XG

it turns around and goes right back down the way it came.

So a electrical generater doesn't keep turning in one direction
but instead it occillates at the desired frequency.
I have never seen one do that!
And "end effect" is the confusion created at the top of the radiator

'end effect' is an effect of the capacitance seen from the end of the
antenna to ground or the other part of a dipole.

how does a generator come into this? you feed current into a wire with
an
open end, it gets to the end, reverses direction and goes back to where
it
started. no frequency was stated or implied all you asked was where
there
'current' went... that could be any kind of current including a step or
pulse or sinusoids of any frequency.- Hide quoted text -

- Show quoted text -

The current comes from a generator does it not? So how is that current
produced?
I see a generator turning in one direction only all the time where you
are suggesting that it is occillating.
Pretty hard to draw a circuit if it tracks back the way it came.
Draw a graph of an occillating current as you would see on a scope
that shows two degrees of freedom.
Does the "x" direction stop after a half cycle?

i don't need a generator to create a current. hook a battery to a piece of
wire, watch the current travel to the end of the wire then reflect back.
its easy to do the measurements and they match exactly the theory. i use
this all the time, its called a time domain reflectometer. very handy for
finding breaks or bad spots in feed lines or Beverage antennas. use one for
a while and you will become much more familiar with the true effect of
currents on wires and reflections.

What is the antenna current path or route
 

Richard Harrison wrote:
Relative to the impedance of a reasonable antenna. the impedance of the
atmosphere or the impedance of free-space is non-conductive.
When the signal following the conductive surface of an antenna reaches
its end of the conductive path, current reverses its direction of travel
of necessity.

Maybe better understood using visible EM waves.
When the medium's index of refraction changes,
reflections are the result. One can learn a
lot about EM wave reflection by looking in a
mirror. With some of the strange concepts about
EM reflected energy that exist on this newsgroup,
it is a wonder how the promoters of such concepts
can look themselves in the mirror. :-)
--
73, Cecil http://www.w5dxp.com

What is the antenna current path or route
 

On 19 Oct, 14:31, Cecil Moore wrote:
Richard Harrison wrote:
Relative to the impedance of a reasonable antenna. the impedance of the
atmosphere or the impedance of free-space is non-conductive.
When the signal following the conductive surface of an antenna reaches
its end of the conductive path, current reverses its direction of travel
of necessity.

Maybe better understood using visible EM waves.
When the medium's index of refraction changes,
reflections are the result. One can learn a
lot about EM wave reflection by looking in a
mirror. With some of the strange concepts about
EM reflected energy that exist on this newsgroup,
it is a wonder how the promoters of such concepts
can look themselves in the mirror. :-)
--
73, Cecil http://www.w5dxp.com

Probably true. I wonder if they would continue
to argue if the 1/4 wave antenna was tubular or is
there another reason that the center of a radiator
is off limits to current flow.
Still you can't blame them if all they know comes
from the ARRL books. After all it is a hobby and in
the early days many did not have the opportunity
for a college education
Best regards
Art

What is the antenna current path or route
 

On 19 Oct, 13:35, (Richard Harrison) wrote:
Art wrote:

"THE LOAD IMPEDANCE IS NOT INFINITE!"

Relative to the impedance of a reasonable antenna. the impedance of the
atmosphere or the impedance of free-space is non-conductive.
When the signal following the conductive surface of an antenna reaches
its end of the conductive path, current reverses its direction of travel
of necessity.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

Keep to the discussion at hand. The route to free space was discarded
but there is another route available which you choose to ignore,
Well not you since you just quote from books without personal
voutching.
So let us say Terman chose to ignore or his secretary screwed up.
Unless ofcourse you have dotted the I's and T,s for yourself
and can personally confirm the corectness of what you have quoted.
So pray tell me, what is the impedance of current flow on the inside
of a tube
or down the center of a solid conductor assuming there is no 10 foot
fence placed at the top end of a fractional wave length antenna.
We will leave the lights on for the current to see the inside of the
tube

What is the antenna current path or route
 

On 19 Oct, 13:53, "Dave" wrote:
"art" wrote in message

oups.com...



On 19 Oct, 06:45, "Dave" wrote:
"art" wrote in message

oups.com...

On 19 Oct, 03:55, "Dave" wrote:
"art" wrote in message

groups.com...

Pseudo experts of fractional wavelength antennas.
Where does the current flow when it reaches the END of a fractional
length?
verticle antenna and why?
How does this relate to the term "end effect"?
If you have already written a book then tell us what the auther
said.
Art KB9MZ.....XG

it turns around and goes right back down the way it came.

So a electrical generater doesn't keep turning in one direction
but instead it occillates at the desired frequency.
I have never seen one do that!
And "end effect" is the confusion created at the top of the radiator

'end effect' is an effect of the capacitance seen from the end of the
antenna to ground or the other part of a dipole.

how does a generator come into this? you feed current into a wire with
an
open end, it gets to the end, reverses direction and goes back to where
it
started. no frequency was stated or implied all you asked was where
there
'current' went... that could be any kind of current including a step or
pulse or sinusoids of any frequency.- Hide quoted text -

- Show quoted text -

The current comes from a generator does it not? So how is that current
produced?
I see a generator turning in one direction only all the time where you
are suggesting that it is occillating.
Pretty hard to draw a circuit if it tracks back the way it came.
Draw a graph of an occillating current as you would see on a scope
that shows two degrees of freedom.
Does the "x" direction stop after a half cycle?

i don't need a generator to create a current. hook a battery to a piece of
wire, watch the current travel to the end of the wire then reflect back.
its easy to do the measurements and they match exactly the theory. i use
this all the time, its called a time domain reflectometer. very handy for
finding breaks or bad spots in feed lines or Beverage antennas. use one for
a while and you will become much more familiar with the true effect of
currents on wires and reflections.- Hide quoted text -

- Show quoted text -

Good idea. Where can radio hams buy a battery for an a.c. frequency of
ten metres ?

Miller effect - was: What is the antenna current path or route
 

Dear Group:

A hot button has been pushed. The Miller effect (not to be overly
confused with the Miller theorem) stems from an exhaustive analysis of the
amplification vs. frequency of very low mu triode amplifiers (the tubes
available at the time). The work was published just after WW-1! It was
noted that the effect on frequency response of the capacitance between grid
and plate was magnified by the amplification of the stage. Miller's paper
showed that the effect of the aforementioned capacitance could be
approximated by a capacitor in series with a resistance with the combination
placed in shunt with the grid-cathode. Several conditions need to be true
that were overlooked by later commentators!

Many years latter, Miller's work became corrupted into Miller's theorem
that erroneously contended that the effect of the feedback capacitor was the
same as a gain dependent capacitor in shunt with the input and output of the
amplifier. Various "proofs" have been published that "prove" Miller's
theorem. They remind one of HS proofs involving dividing by zero.

It is true that the frequency effect of capacitance between input and
output (note, those are nouns) of an amplifier is detrimentally increased as
the gain of the amplifier increases. [as gain goes up - the upper
half-power frequency goes down] [note the notion of approximately constant
gain-bandwidth product for well behaved amplifiers]
However, the simple modeling indicated by "Miller's theorem" only
occasionally estimates the relationship between feedback capacitance and
upper half-power frequency. Fortunately, the allege convenience of using
Miller's theorem in the slide rule days has now gone away. Today, one may
use PSpice (or the like) and receive close estimates of the expected
performance of an amplifier.

It is difficult for me to see gain at the end of an antenna's wire. The
apparent capacitance that exists at the end of an antenna's wire simply
exists and is not magnified by anything.

Lecture mode off. 73, Mac N8TT

--
J. Mc Laughlin; Michigan U.S.A.
Home:

"Richard Harrison" wrote in message
...

snip
Energy from the magnetic field is converted to energy in the electric
field for an instant (Cecil`s famous conservation of energy). This
produces an insreased voltage at the open circuit end. This incresed
voltage has more capacitive effect, akin to the "Miller effect" caused
by the higher signal voltage on the plate of an amplifier vacuum tube
than on its grid.

snip


Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

Miller effect - was: What is the antenna current path or route
 

Mac, N8TT wrote:
"It is difficult for me to see gain at the end of sn antenna wire."

Miller effect works in a triode tube by placing a larger signal voltage
on the plate than on its grid. This increases the difference in number
of electrons between grid and plate.

The charge of a capacitor is the difference in number of electrons on
the two plates.

At the open circuit end of a 1/4-wave antenna, the incident and
reflected voltages are in-phase and equal in magnitude, thus doubling
voltage at the antenna tip. This increased voltage doubles the charge at
that point over that produced by the incident voltage alone as Q=CE.

Mac is right. There is no mu factor in an antenna tip but there is a
voltage and charge gain.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

Miller effect - was: What is the antenna current path or route
 

On 20 Oct, 07:50, (Richard Harrison) wrote:
Mac, N8TT wrote:

"It is difficult for me to see gain at the end of sn antenna wire."

Miller effect works in a triode tube by placing a larger signal voltage
on the plate than on its grid. This increases the difference in number
of electrons between grid and plate.

The charge of a capacitor is the difference in number of electrons on
the two plates.


But a capacitor doesnot radiate.....the hole is getting deeper !



At the open circuit end of a 1/4-wave antenna, the incident and
reflected voltages are in-phase and equal in magnitude, thus doubling
voltage at the antenna tip. This increased voltage doubles the charge at
that point over that produced by the incident voltage alone as Q=CE.

Mac is right. There is no mu factor in an antenna tip but there is a
voltage and charge gain.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

Miller effect - was: What is the antenna current path or route
 

Art wrote:
"But a capacitor does not radiate....."

Depends entirely on the size and configuration.
Please see pages 83 through 93 of "Transmission Lines, Antennas, and
Wave Guides" by R.W.P King, Mimno, and Wing.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

Miller effect - was: What is the antenna current path or route
 

Richard Harrison wrote:
Art wrote:
"But a capacitor does not radiate....."

Depends entirely on the size and configuration.

Yep, one of the the reasons for SMD caps is that
the leads on conventional caps radiate at UHF+
frequencies.
--
73, Cecil http://www.w5dxp.com

Miller effect - was: What is the antenna current path or route
 

"art" wrote in message
ps.com...
On 20 Oct, 07:50, (Richard Harrison) wrote:
Mac, N8TT wrote:

"It is difficult for me to see gain at the end of sn antenna wire."

Miller effect works in a triode tube by placing a larger signal voltage
on the plate than on its grid. This increases the difference in number
of electrons between grid and plate.

The charge of a capacitor is the difference in number of electrons on
the two plates.


But a capacitor doesnot radiate.....the hole is getting deeper !

don't tell the designers of those funny little cross field antennas that!
their whole theory depends on capacitors creating a ratiating electric field
which then combines with their separately created magnetic field to create
an em wave.

Miller effect - was: What is the antenna current path or route
 

On 20 Oct, 13:00, (Richard Harrison) wrote:
Art wrote:

"But a capacitor does not radiate....."

Depends entirely on the size and configuration.
Please see pages 83 through 93 of "Transmission Lines, Antennas, and
Wave Guides" by R.W.P King, Mimno, and Wing.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

Is this going to be the same garbage that you troted out from
Terman? You still haven't explained why you accepted that there
was high impedance at the top preventing current flow.
The impedance down the center is very low, just the
resistance of the copper or aluminium. When will you be ready to
give the correct interpretation using this new capacitance aproach?
Have we dismissed Miller. Most will agree with the side note you added
regarding what the charge of a capacitor is to which I will
add that there are more Irishmen in London than in Dublin.
Also Scotland has the highest red heds per capitor than anywhere
in the rest of the world but none of these facts have nothing to do
with respect to your wrong readings of Terman. Now you are bringing
forward a new book to take the place of Terman to prove something
that is not relavent to the fact why you posted erronius info.

Miller effect - was: What is the antenna current path or route
 

On 20 Oct, 13:29, Cecil Moore wrote:
Richard Harrison wrote:
Art wrote:
"But a capacitor does not radiate....."

Depends entirely on the size and configuration.

Yep, one of the the reasons for SMD caps is that
the leads on conventional caps radiate at UHF+
frequencies.
--
73, Cecil http://www.w5dxp.com

The capacitor itself does not radiate ie what is
between the two plates but the size of a capacitor does matter when
releasing its charge that creates radiation. Since the time variance
of the charge release is what creats radiation it follows that the
size
of and the constrictions provided make a huge difference. (Read up on
Bernollis
and his work on fluids)
You can have a very small inductance with a very large capacitance
as the L.C. ratio stays intact but the time variance of energy
release
will certainly different in that moment of time when the radiation
pulse occurs
As with standard practices I am not taking into account the
inductance
of the capacitor plates themselves since it just provides an outlet
for posters to avoid repeat of past errors by changing the subject
Best regards
Art

Miller effect - was: What is the antenna current path or route
 

Art Wrote:
"You still haven`t explained why you accepted that there was high
impedance at the top preventing current flow."

Readers of this thread already know that there is a class of materials
known as insulators and that free-space and the earth`s atmosphere
belong to that class even though they are mostly immaterial.

If you would read the pages I suggested from R.W.P. King`s writing in
his section on Antennas in "Transmission Lines, Antennas, and Wave
Guides, you will find: 1. Electric Charges and Currents and the
Electromagnetic Field, 2. The General Law of Electromagnetic Action, 3.
Special Case of the Near Zone, 4. Special Case of the Far Zone, 5. Far
Zone, 6. Closed and Open Circuits, 7. Properties of an a
Antenna, 8. Leading Term in the Distribution of Current and Charge along
a Center-driven Highly Conducting Antenna of Extremely Small Radius, 9.
Distribution of Current along a Symmetrical Antenna of Small Radius, 10.
Input Self-Impedance of Symmetrical Center-drive. Antenna of Small
Radius.

Those numbered items are just the titles of the sections which are
filled with text and illistrations which clarify the issues discussed in
this thread. I`ll leave it to the reader to search out the wealth of
information contained therein.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

What is the antenna current path or route
 

Art wrote:
"Still you can`t blame them if all they know comes from the ARRL books.
After all it is a hobby and in the early days many did not have an
opportunity for a college education."

Despite Art`s disdain for amateurs, I`ve found solid information in the
"ARRL Antenna Book". Mine contains Characteristics of a lambda/4
monopole which includes: "The current in a lambda/4 monopole varies
practically sinusoidally (as is the case with a lambda/2 wire), and is
highest at the ground-plane connection. The RF voltage, however is
highest at the open (top) end and minimum at the ground-plane
connection." The reason for this is already given in this thread.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

What is the antenna current path or route
 

On 20 Oct, 23:25, (Richard Harrison) wrote:
Art wrote:

"Still you can`t blame them if all they know comes from the ARRL books.
After all it is a hobby and in the early days many did not have an
opportunity for a college education."

Despite Art`s disdain for amateurs, I`ve found solid information in the
"ARRL Antenna Book". Mine contains Characteristics of a lambda/4
monopole which includes: "The current in a lambda/4 monopole varies
practically sinusoidally (as is the case with a lambda/2 wire), and is
highest at the ground-plane connection. The RF voltage, however is
highest at the open (top) end and minimum at the ground-plane
connection." The reason for this is already given in this thread.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI

You still haven't explained your comment regarding the high
impedance at the top of an antenna. Are you going to withdraw it?
My disdain is for those who put on the mantle of an expert and talk
like all is known about antennas without applying any logic of their
own