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South Africa!
Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen.
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Alun L. Palmer wrote: Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. How many countries does that make now, compared to those who still have it? 73 de Jim, N2EY |
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Alun L. Palmer wrote:
Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. Wouldn't it make a country proud to emulate South Africa? - Mike KB3EIA - |
Mike Coslo wrote: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. Wouldn't it make a country proud to emulate South Africa? - Mike KB3EIA - Don't go getting ethnocentric on us, Mike. Not very liberal-like. Or maybe it is. They're the ones always counting how many blacks, hispanics, american eskimos, cajuns, etc there are. Beside, in addition to South Africa, don't forget the UK, Ireland, France, Germany, Belgium, Austria, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Papua Niugini, Hong Kong and Japan. |
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Mike Coslo wrote in
: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. Wouldn't it make a country proud to emulate South Africa? - Mike KB3EIA - I rather think that S Africa is emulating 17 other countries |
"Alun L. Palmer" wrote:
wrote in news:1108606123.450223.319640 @o13g2000cwo.googlegroups.com: wrote: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. How many countries does that make now, compared to those who still have it? A tiny fraction of the number of countries which are members of the UN and/or the ITU. About 10% as a matter of fact. A minority, but not quite my idea of a 'tiny' fraction. Ten percent is a tiny fraction when compared to 100%. The point is, of course, that we are far from done yet. Canada may be next. There's little doubt. The Canadian government is pro-gay marriage too. Note that most of the countries on Alun's list are chunks of Old Europe and their syncophants where socialist gummint giveaways are rampant compared with the rest of the world. So you prefer totalitarian regimes instead? Who wrote anything like that? Nor does it include heavy hitters like the countries of the former Soviet bloc, Brazil, India and China. Those countries have large populations, but they don't they have the highest numbers of hams per head. South Africa has a population which is a little over 47 million. It has about 4300 radio amateurs. Finland has that many radio amateurs with a population of under 5 million. Russia has just under 144 million people and has about 15,000 amateur licenses. It would seem that Russia isn't keeping up with the per capita licensing of South Africa. Little Finland can coast for a few decades. Gonna be a LOOONG time before the last code test disappears . . I'm sure it will be a great comfort to you if the Russian Federation is the last to keep a code test. They are not my idea of anyone I would want to emulate, however. I gather that you prefer life in Maryland to life in the U.K., too, Alun. As for me, the crime rates in either Russia or South Africa would keep me from wanting to become a resident of either. Then again, we were talking about whether they decided to keep a morse test for amateur radio. Dave K8MN |
Alun L. Palmer wrote: "Alun L. Palmer" wrote in : wrote in news:1108578593.250795.201100 @g14g2000cwa.googlegroups.com: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. How many countries does that make now, compared to those who still have it? 73 de Jim, N2EY It's getting a little difficult to keep track. However, I think at least the UK, Ireland, France, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Papua Niugini, Hong Kong and South Africa have abolished the code test so far. I think that of these only Austria and the Netherlands even retain an entry level licence that doesn't give HF privileges. That's only 17 countries, but I expect I may have missed some out. I make the combined ham population of the above something over 260,000 (possibly more than half of them no-coders), so probably a little less than half the number of hams in the US. 260,000/670,000 = about 38.9% However, there are well over 50,000 hams in Canada, which is also likely to abolish the code test very soon. Yep. But there are two big points about Canada: 1) The proposal would increase the written test level 2) Commentary to the Canadian proposal showed a clear majority favored the change. That's not the case in the USA, in any survey done to date, nor in the commentary to FCC. Don't forget that Japan, with a ham population of 1.2 Million (twice that of the US, out of maybe a fifth of your general population), has long had a no-code HF licence, albeit limited to 10 Watts. Check your numbers! Japan has over 3.1 million operator licenses - but they cost nothing and never expire, so that number is really the number of ham operator licenses issued since 1955, not the number of present-day hams. Japanese *station* licenses are a bit over 600,000 now, and have been dropping for a decade. The number of new JA licenses has also been dropping. See the AH0A website. I'm not sure how many Japanese hams have a no-code HF licence, Well over 95%. but they may even rival all the new ones so far put together, although the new guys can use more than 10 Watts! It's probably only a matter of time before Japan lets all of their hams use HF anyway. All Japanese hams have HF privileges *today*. Been that way for decades. But for all classes of ham license except 4th class, JA hams have a code test. And there's no move to change that yet. Even without the low power Japanese stations, the number of no-coders who have full HF privileges right now is probably about the same as the number of no-code Techs in the US. Close enough. That's 18, I didn't count both Austria and Australia! OK. But it's still a small fraction of the number of hams and the number of countries. The big questions: Must all countries drop the code test because a few have decided to? Or can each country decide for itself. Has the change caused lots of new growth in countries that have dropped code testing? 73 de Jim, N2EY |
wrote in news:1108637750.922635.205620
@l41g2000cwc.googlegroups.com: Alun L. Palmer wrote: "Alun L. Palmer" wrote in : wrote in news:1108578593.250795.201100 @g14g2000cwa.googlegroups.com: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. How many countries does that make now, compared to those who still have it? 73 de Jim, N2EY It's getting a little difficult to keep track. However, I think at least the UK, Ireland, France, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Papua Niugini, Hong Kong and South Africa have abolished the code test so far. I think that of these only Austria and the Netherlands even retain an entry level licence that doesn't give HF privileges. That's only 17 countries, but I expect I may have missed some out. I make the combined ham population of the above something over 260,000 (possibly more than half of them no-coders), so probably a little less than half the number of hams in the US. 260,000/670,000 = about 38.9% However, there are well over 50,000 hams in Canada, which is also likely to abolish the code test very soon. Yep. But there are two big points about Canada: 1) The proposal would increase the written test level 2) Commentary to the Canadian proposal showed a clear majority favored the change. That's not the case in the USA, in any survey done to date, nor in the commentary to FCC. Don't forget that Japan, with a ham population of 1.2 Million (twice that of the US, out of maybe a fifth of your general population), has long had a no-code HF licence, albeit limited to 10 Watts. Check your numbers! Japan has over 3.1 million operator licenses - but they cost nothing and never expire, so that number is really the number of ham operator licenses issued since 1955, not the number of present-day hams. Japanese *station* licenses are a bit over 600,000 now, and have been dropping for a decade. The number of new JA licenses has also been dropping. See the AH0A website. I'm not sure how many Japanese hams have a no-code HF licence, Well over 95%. but they may even rival all the new ones so far put together, although the new guys can use more than 10 Watts! It's probably only a matter of time before Japan lets all of their hams use HF anyway. All Japanese hams have HF privileges *today*. Been that way for decades. But for all classes of ham license except 4th class, JA hams have a code test. And there's no move to change that yet. Even without the low power Japanese stations, the number of no-coders who have full HF privileges right now is probably about the same as the number of no-code Techs in the US. Close enough. And if there are already that number of no-code hams on HF without any incident, what is the problem with abolishing the code test here? That's 18, I didn't count both Austria and Australia! OK. But it's still a small fraction of the number of hams and the number of countries. The big questions: Must all countries drop the code test because a few have decided to? Or can each country decide for itself. Each country can do as it chooses, but the trend is to abolish the code test. Has the change caused lots of new growth in countries that have dropped code testing? 73 de Jim, N2EY No, but it's increased HF activity in those countries |
wrote in news:1108606123.450223.319640 @o13g2000cwo.googlegroups.com: wrote: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. How many countries does that make now, compared to those who still have it? A tiny fraction of the number of countries which are members of the UN and/or the ITU. About 10% as a matter of fact. A minority, but not quite my idea of a 'tiny' fraction. The point is, of course, that we are far from done yet. Canada may be next. One more out of 185 or so snore. Let's see here . . where's my sliderule . . . if four "dominoes" per year fall, which is about the current rate and the rate is maintained it'll be 2046 before the last code test requirement is dropped. snore=B2. Note that most of the countries on Alun's list are chunks of Old Europe and their syncophants where socialist gummint giveaways are rampant compared with the rest of the world. So you prefer totalitarian regimes instead? Don't be silly and don't whine. Nor does it include heavy hitters like the countries of the former Soviet bloc, Brazil, India and China. Those countries have large populations, but they don't they have the highest numbers of hams per head. Nonsense. What government has made the code/nocode decision based on it's number of hams per capita?? None of course. My point is that governments make these kinds of decisions based on their culture-based inclinations in such matters. Which is to say that the former Soviets, Brazil, India and China are not socialist giveaway swamps like Sweden, France and the rest and are far less likely to quit the code tests. Which in turn brings up the question about how many billions of people will probably continue to live under regimes which require code tests vs the number who will not require code tests. Gonna be a LOOONG time before the last code test disappears . . 73 de Jim, N2EY w3rv I'm sure it will be a great comfort to you if the Russian Federation is the last to keep a code test. They are not my idea of anyone I would want to emulate, however. But emulating Sweden is OK huh?=20 =20 n3kip w3rv |
bb wrote:
Mike Coslo wrote: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. Wouldn't it make a country proud to emulate South Africa? - Mike KB3EIA - Don't go getting ethnocentric on us, Mike. Not very liberal-like. Or maybe it is. They're the ones always counting how many blacks, hispanics, american eskimos, cajuns, etc there are. Ethnocentricity is at the core of the problem there, not me going ethnocentric. - mike KB3EIA - |
Dave Heil wrote: "Alun L. Palmer" wrote: wrote in news:1108606123.450223.319640 @o13g2000cwo.googlegroups.com: wrote: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. How many countries does that make now, compared to those who still have it? A tiny fraction of the number of countries which are members of the UN and/or the ITU. About 10% as a matter of fact. A minority, but not quite my idea of a 'tiny' fraction. Ten percent is a tiny fraction when compared to 100%. It is 1/10. You could compare it to 10/10, but then you'd defeat the purpose of showing it as a ratio. |
wrote in news:1108665611.010471.49400
@l41g2000cwc.googlegroups.com: wrote in news:1108606123.450223.319640 @o13g2000cwo.googlegroups.com: wrote: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. How many countries does that make now, compared to those who still have it? A tiny fraction of the number of countries which are members of the UN and/or the ITU. About 10% as a matter of fact. A minority, but not quite my idea of a 'tiny' fraction. The point is, of course, that we are far from done yet. Canada may be next. One more out of 185 or so snore. Let's see here . . where's my sliderule . . . if four "dominoes" per year fall, which is about the current rate and the rate is maintained it'll be 2046 before the last code test requirement is dropped. Most of those other 170+ are pretty small, although you choose to mention the big ones by name of course. snoreČ. Note that most of the countries on Alun's list are chunks of Old Europe and their syncophants where socialist gummint giveaways are rampant compared with the rest of the world. So you prefer totalitarian regimes instead? Don't be silly and don't whine. What you call Old Europe isn't socialist by any rational standards, unless you are an extreme neo-con republican? I'll take that as a yes. Nor does it include heavy hitters like the countries of the former Soviet bloc, Brazil, India and China. Those countries have large populations, but they don't they have the highest numbers of hams per head. Nonsense. What government has made the code/nocode decision based on it's number of hams per capita?? None of course. Nor did I say they did My point is that governments make these kinds of decisions based on their culture-based inclinations in such matters. Which is to say that the former Soviets, Brazil, India and China are not socialist giveaway swamps like Sweden, France and the rest and are far less likely to quit the code tests. Last time I checked France and Sweden were capitalist countries and China was socialist. As for Russia, the old communists seem to be taking over again, albeit they don't actually care what system they rule over, nor ever did, IMHO. Which in turn brings up the question about how many billions of people will probably continue to live under regimes which require code tests vs the number who will not require code tests. Gonna be a LOOONG time before the last code test disappears . . 73 de Jim, N2EY w3rv I'm sure it will be a great comfort to you if the Russian Federation is the last to keep a code test. They are not my idea of anyone I would want to emulate, however. But emulating Sweden is OK huh? n3kip w3rv Sure, why not? |
Alun L. Palmer wrote: wrote in news:1108665611.010471.49400 @l41g2000cwc.googlegroups.com: A tiny fraction of the number of countries which are members of the UN and/or the ITU. About 10% as a matter of fact. A minority, but not quite my idea of a 'tiny' fraction. The point is, of course, that we are far from done yet. Canada may be next. One more out of 185 or so snore. Let's see here . . where's my sliderule . . . if four "dominoes" per year fall, which is about the current rate and the rate is maintained it'll be 2046 before the last code test requirement is dropped. Most of those other 170+ are pretty small, although you choose to mention the big ones by name of course. Of course, because first of all it's the big countries which set trends at least regionally and it's their huge numbers of citizens who would potentially be most affected by changes in ham radio regs. Which is a whole different topic from the effects on their existing ham populations whatever their number. What you call Old Europe isn't socialist by any rational standards, unless you are an extreme neo-con republican? I'll take that as a yes. Don't because you couldn't be more wrong. My point is that governments make these kinds of decisions based on their culture-based inclinations in such matters. Which is to say that the former Soviets, Brazil, India and China are not socialist giveaway swamps like Sweden, France and the rest and are far less likely to quit the code tests. Last time I checked France and Sweden were capitalist countries and China was socialist. They're both socialist Alun. The only difference being that China uses the Marx/Lennin model and Sweden is the model for Old Europe socialism. As for Russia, the old communists seem to be taking over again, albeit they don't actually care what system they rule over, nor ever did, IMHO. Never in their thousand year history have the Russians lived in a democracy or a capitalist society, their genes need to be conditioned before they get their act together by western standards. In the meanwhile they're suffering from massive startup lumps and bumps which were predicted long before the Soviet Union actually imploded. Whatever this has to do with code tests. I'm sure it will be a great comfort to you if the Russian Federation is the last to keep a code test. They are not my idea of anyone I would want to emulate, however. But emulating Sweden is OK huh? n3kip w3rv Sure, why not? BINGO: There it is. Old Europe. Sez it all. Not in your lifetime Alun. 'Bye. w3rv |
Alun L. Palmer wrote: wrote in news:1108637750.922635.205620 @l41g2000cwc.googlegroups.com: Alun L. Palmer wrote: "Alun L. Palmer" wrote in : wrote in news:1108578593.250795.201100 @g14g2000cwa.googlegroups.com: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. How many countries does that make now, compared to those who still have it? It's getting a little difficult to keep track. However, I think at least the UK, Ireland, France, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Papua Niugini, Hong Kong and South Africa have abolished the code test so far. I think that of these only Austria and the Netherlands even retain an entry level licence that doesn't give HF privileges. That's only 17 countries, but I expect I may have missed some out. I make the combined ham population of the above something over 260,000 (possibly more than half of them no-coders), so probably a little less than half the number of hams in the US. 260,000/670,000 = about 38.9% Quite a bit less than half. However, there are well over 50,000 hams in Canada, which is also likely to abolish the code test very soon. Yep. But there are two big points about Canada: 1) The proposal would increase the written test level This is a biggie. Simply proposing to drop the code test is *not* the same thing as proposing to drop the code test *and* beef up the writtens. IIRC, one of the things proposed in Canada was to make the code test optional in that if you passed code you didn't need as high a grade on theory to get the license. If the nocodetest folks in the USA proposed options like those they might get a lot more support. But instead, we have folks like NCVEC telling us we must drop code *and* reduce the written still more. 2) Commentary to the Canadian proposal showed a clear majority favored the change. That's not the case in the USA, in any survey done to date, nor in the commentary to FCC. Another biggie. Don't forget that Japan, with a ham population of 1.2 Million (twice that of the US, out of maybe a fifth of your general population), has long had a no-code HF licence, albeit limited to 10 Watts. Check your numbers! Japan has over 3.1 million operator licenses - but they cost nothing and never expire, so that number is really the number of ham operator licenses issued since 1955, not the number of present-day hams. Japanese *station* licenses are a bit over 600,000 now, and have been dropping for a decade. The number of new JA licenses has also been dropping. See the AH0A website. I'm not sure how many Japanese hams have a no-code HF licence, Well over 95%. but they may even rival all the new ones so far put together, although the new guys can use more than 10 Watts! It's probably only a matter of time before Japan lets all of their hams use HF anyway. All Japanese hams have HF privileges *today*. Been that way for decades. But for all classes of ham license except 4th class, JA hams have a code test. And there's no move to change that yet. And for ten years JA ham license numbers have been dropping fast. *With* nocodetest HF. Even without the low power Japanese stations, the number of no-coders who have full HF privileges right now is probably about the same as the number of no-code Techs in the US. Close enough. And if there are already that number of no-code hams on HF without any incident, what is the problem with abolishing the code test here? The USA isn't Japan. Different society, different culture, different rules. It would be interesting to see what the JA 4th class *written* exam looks like. And as mentioned before, the number of JA station licenses and new operator licenses is way down. That's 18, I didn't count both Austria and Australia! OK. But it's still a small fraction of the number of hams and the number of countries. The big questions: Must all countries drop the code test because a few have decided to? Or can each country decide for itself. Each country can do as it chooses, but the trend is to abolish the code test. The trend in most countries is to ban or severely restrict individual ownership of firearms, too. Has the change caused lots of new growth in countries that have dropped code testing? No, but it's increased HF activity in those countries So all it's done is to permit *existing* hams to upgrade. But it *hasn't* brought in lots of new folks. 73 de Jim, N2EY |
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On Fri, 18 Feb 2005 19:25:40 -0500, Mike Coslo wrote:
RF Safety should be the FIRST order of the day, and NO one should be a Ham until they are tested for RF safety to the ability to handle full legal limit. "Here lies ol' John McStencil He drew arcs from his finals with a lead pencil" (More-or-less recalled caption from a QST "Switch to Safety" cartoon of 50+ years ago) -- 73 de K2ASP - Phil Kane |
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wrote in news:1108745797.245365.147250
@z14g2000cwz.googlegroups.com: Alun L. Palmer wrote: wrote in news:1108665611.010471.49400 @l41g2000cwc.googlegroups.com: A tiny fraction of the number of countries which are members of the UN and/or the ITU. About 10% as a matter of fact. A minority, but not quite my idea of a 'tiny' fraction. The point is, of course, that we are far from done yet. Canada may be next. One more out of 185 or so snore. Let's see here . . where's my sliderule . . . if four "dominoes" per year fall, which is about the current rate and the rate is maintained it'll be 2046 before the last code test requirement is dropped. Most of those other 170+ are pretty small, although you choose to mention the big ones by name of course. Of course, because first of all it's the big countries which set trends at least regionally and it's their huge numbers of citizens who would potentially be most affected by changes in ham radio regs. Which is a whole different topic from the effects on their existing ham populations whatever their number. What you call Old Europe isn't socialist by any rational standards, unless you are an extreme neo-con republican? I'll take that as a yes. Don't because you couldn't be more wrong. My point is that governments make these kinds of decisions based on their culture-based inclinations in such matters. Which is to say that the former Soviets, Brazil, India and China are not socialist giveaway swamps like Sweden, France and the rest and are far less likely to quit the code tests. Last time I checked France and Sweden were capitalist countries and China was socialist. They're both socialist Alun. The only difference being that China uses the Marx/Lennin model and Sweden is the model for Old Europe socialism. As for Russia, the old communists seem to be taking over again, albeit they don't actually care what system they rule over, nor ever did, IMHO. Never in their thousand year history have the Russians lived in a democracy or a capitalist society, their genes need to be conditioned before they get their act together by western standards. In the meanwhile they're suffering from massive startup lumps and bumps which were predicted long before the Soviet Union actually imploded. Whatever this has to do with code tests. I'm sure it will be a great comfort to you if the Russian Federation is the last to keep a code test. They are not my idea of anyone I would want to emulate, however. But emulating Sweden is OK huh? n3kip w3rv Sure, why not? BINGO: There it is. Old Europe. Sez it all. Not in your lifetime Alun. 'Bye. w3rv We have very different political views. I don't know how you would classify yourself, but by European standards you are very far to the right indeed, as by no stretch is Sweden a socialist country. As for myself, I used to be a card carrying member of the Conservative and Unionist Party in the UK, but I freely admit that I have drifted leftwards since then, very likely as a result of seeing at first hand the huge social inequalities in the USA. If it's called being a socialist to think that the ordinary working man should be able to get medical care without courting bankruptcy, then I suppose that makes me a socialist, but if you actually look in a dictionary, then you will see that I am not, and neither are the Swedes. socialism // n. 1 a political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the community as a whole should own and control the means of production, distribution, and exchange. 2 policy or practice based on this theory. socialist n. & adj. socialistic // adj. socialistically // adv. [French socialisme (as social)] |
wrote in news:1108746634.174440.129880
@c13g2000cwb.googlegroups.com: Alun L. Palmer wrote: wrote in news:1108637750.922635.205620 @l41g2000cwc.googlegroups.com: Alun L. Palmer wrote: "Alun L. Palmer" wrote in : wrote in news:1108578593.250795.201100 @g14g2000cwa.googlegroups.com: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Yes, South Africa has abolished the code test! One more domino has fallen. How many countries does that make now, compared to those who still have it? It's getting a little difficult to keep track. However, I think at least the UK, Ireland, France, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Papua Niugini, Hong Kong and South Africa have abolished the code test so far. I think that of these only Austria and the Netherlands even retain an entry level licence that doesn't give HF privileges. That's only 17 countries, but I expect I may have missed some out. I make the combined ham population of the above something over 260,000 (possibly more than half of them no-coders), so probably a little less than half the number of hams in the US. 260,000/670,000 = about 38.9% Quite a bit less than half. However, there are well over 50,000 hams in Canada, which is also likely to abolish the code test very soon. Yep. But there are two big points about Canada: 1) The proposal would increase the written test level This is a biggie. Simply proposing to drop the code test is *not* the same thing as proposing to drop the code test *and* beef up the writtens. IIRC, one of the things proposed in Canada was to make the code test optional in that if you passed code you didn't need as high a grade on theory to get the license. They proposed that in South Africa too, but they didn't do it, and I don't think they will in Canada either, judging solely from having read all the public comments If the nocodetest folks in the USA proposed options like those they might get a lot more support. But instead, we have folks like NCVEC telling us we must drop code *and* reduce the written still more. 2) Commentary to the Canadian proposal showed a clear majority favored the change. That's not the case in the USA, in any survey done to date, nor in the commentary to FCC. Another biggie. Don't forget that Japan, with a ham population of 1.2 Million (twice that of the US, out of maybe a fifth of your general population), has long had a no-code HF licence, albeit limited to 10 Watts. Check your numbers! Japan has over 3.1 million operator licenses - but they cost nothing and never expire, so that number is really the number of ham operator licenses issued since 1955, not the number of present-day hams. Japanese *station* licenses are a bit over 600,000 now, and have been dropping for a decade. The number of new JA licenses has also been dropping. See the AH0A website. I'm not sure how many Japanese hams have a no-code HF licence, Well over 95%. but they may even rival all the new ones so far put together, although the new guys can use more than 10 Watts! It's probably only a matter of time before Japan lets all of their hams use HF anyway. All Japanese hams have HF privileges *today*. Been that way for decades. But for all classes of ham license except 4th class, JA hams have a code test. And there's no move to change that yet. And for ten years JA ham license numbers have been dropping fast. *With* nocodetest HF. Even without the low power Japanese stations, the number of no-coders who have full HF privileges right now is probably about the same as the number of no-code Techs in the US. Close enough. And if there are already that number of no-code hams on HF without any incident, what is the problem with abolishing the code test here? The USA isn't Japan. Different society, different culture, different rules. Same aether (OK, I don't really beleive in an aether, but you know what I mean) It would be interesting to see what the JA 4th class *written* exam looks like. And as mentioned before, the number of JA station licenses and new operator licenses is way down. That's 18, I didn't count both Austria and Australia! OK. But it's still a small fraction of the number of hams and the number of countries. The big questions: Must all countries drop the code test because a few have decided to? Or can each country decide for itself. Each country can do as it chooses, but the trend is to abolish the code test. The trend in most countries is to ban or severely restrict individual ownership of firearms, too. Has the change caused lots of new growth in countries that have dropped code testing? No, but it's increased HF activity in those countries So all it's done is to permit *existing* hams to upgrade. But it *hasn't* brought in lots of new folks. 73 de Jim, N2EY Perfectly true, but I see getting these people onto HF as a good thing |
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Alun L. Palmer wrote:
Mike Coslo wrote in : some snippage I don't know if any of us geniuses have though about it, but lets say in a country where a business can get successfully sued for a woman not knowing that here hot coffee was hot, and burning herself when trying to hold the darn thing between her legs. (sorry Phil, but what if she simply ruined her dress because the coffee was wet?- negligent design of the cup?) So lets have a newbie ham that fires up his/her kilowatt rig, and is half fried because no one told him not to touch the wirey thingies on the back of the box thingy. Ohh, I can see the successful lawsuits already! I've nailed myself with 50 watts, enough to produce a painful burn and a cute little scar on the boo-boo finger. Some dunce that catches a ride on a thousand watts might just have a very successful lawsuit if we don't train them well. RF Safety should be the FIRST order of the day, and NO one should be a Ham until they are tested for RF safety to the ability to handle full legal limit. And those who think that limiting the finals voltage, or some other weird thing is the answer, are advised to think about things such as Technician Hams operating under supervision. It only takes a second to drop a paper and reach behind a Rig. Less time than the control op can react. I want those Technicians to be exposed to full power safety requirements. Anything else is criminally negligent. It would be interesting to see what the JA 4th class *written* exam looks like. And as mentioned before, the number of JA station licenses and new operator licenses is way down. That's 18, I didn't count both Austria and Australia! OK. But it's still a small fraction of the number of hams and the number of countries. The big questions: Must all countries drop the code test because a few have decided to? Or can each country decide for itself. Each country can do as it chooses, but the trend is to abolish the code test. The trend in most countries is to ban or severely restrict individual ownership of firearms, too. Has the change caused lots of new growth in countries that have dropped code testing? No, but it's increased HF activity in those countries So all it's done is to permit *existing* hams to upgrade. But it *hasn't* brought in lots of new folks. Which means the Morse code isn't the "problem" some people make it out to be. - Mike KB3EIA - Well, it is a problem. No-coders may have been in the hobby, but they couldn't do everything that they wanted to do. People who have not passed the test have been kept out of things they want to do in the hobby too. Not that I'm saying that the Tech theory should get you full privileges, but there have always been many Techs who could pass Extra class theory. Yup, Like me. But I apparently showed the character flaw od learning Morse code! ;^) As a guy who can't "hear" people unless he can see the mouth of the person speaking, I have just a little trouble figuring out the problem with normal people for which the test is too hard to make it worth getting a license. But it is! Witness all those who are dropping off the ranks when their license expires. I predict the next tack of the NCI's is that not allowing the codeless Techs HF access is why they aren't renewing their license. Herding them above 30 MHz is a problem, not for you perhaps, but still a problem. "Herding" is a strange name for allowing access to almost all the Amateur spectrum. - Mike KB3EIA - |
"Alun L. Palmer" wrote in message .. . Mike Coslo wrote in : [big, big snip. Do you have to quote EVERYTHING??] Well, it is a problem. No-coders may have been in the hobby, but they couldn't do everything that they wanted to do. Not that I'm saying that the Tech theory should get you full privileges, but there have always been many Techs who could pass Extra class theory. Herding them above 30 MHz is a problem, not for you perhaps, but still a problem. No one can do everything they want to, not even the Extras. We must comply with the mode regulations, special power limits in the old novice subbands, and we should comply with the band plans. There is no "herding" involved. The "gate" wide open. Dee D. Flint, N8UZE |
Mike Coslo wrote in
: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Mike Coslo wrote in : some snippage I don't know if any of us geniuses have though about it, but lets say in a country where a business can get successfully sued for a woman not knowing that here hot coffee was hot, and burning herself when trying to hold the darn thing between her legs. (sorry Phil, but what if she simply ruined her dress because the coffee was wet?- negligent design of the cup?) So lets have a newbie ham that fires up his/her kilowatt rig, and is half fried because no one told him not to touch the wirey thingies on the back of the box thingy. Ohh, I can see the successful lawsuits already! I've nailed myself with 50 watts, enough to produce a painful burn and a cute little scar on the boo-boo finger. Some dunce that catches a ride on a thousand watts might just have a very successful lawsuit if we don't train them well. RF Safety should be the FIRST order of the day, and NO one should be a Ham until they are tested for RF safety to the ability to handle full legal limit. And those who think that limiting the finals voltage, or some other weird thing is the answer, are advised to think about things such as Technician Hams operating under supervision. It only takes a second to drop a paper and reach behind a Rig. Less time than the control op can react. I want those Technicians to be exposed to full power safety requirements. Anything else is criminally negligent. It would be interesting to see what the JA 4th class *written* exam looks like. And as mentioned before, the number of JA station licenses and new operator licenses is way down. That's 18, I didn't count both Austria and Australia! OK. But it's still a small fraction of the number of hams and the number of countries. The big questions: Must all countries drop the code test because a few have decided to? Or can each country decide for itself. Each country can do as it chooses, but the trend is to abolish the code test. The trend in most countries is to ban or severely restrict individual ownership of firearms, too. Has the change caused lots of new growth in countries that have dropped code testing? No, but it's increased HF activity in those countries So all it's done is to permit *existing* hams to upgrade. But it *hasn't* brought in lots of new folks. Which means the Morse code isn't the "problem" some people make it out to be. - Mike KB3EIA - Well, it is a problem. No-coders may have been in the hobby, but they couldn't do everything that they wanted to do. People who have not passed the test have been kept out of things they want to do in the hobby too. Not that I'm saying that the Tech theory should get you full privileges, but there have always been many Techs who could pass Extra class theory. Yup, Like me. But I apparently showed the character flaw od learning Morse code! ;^) So did I, but it was hell! If it wasn't a hazing process, then I'm a Dutchman As a guy who can't "hear" people unless he can see the mouth of the person speaking, I have just a little trouble figuring out the problem with normal people for which the test is too hard to make it worth getting a license. But it is! Witness all those who are dropping off the ranks when their license expires. I predict the next tack of the NCI's is that not allowing the codeless Techs HF access is why they aren't renewing their license. Certainly that must be true of some of them. What proportion, I couldn't say. Herding them above 30 MHz is a problem, not for you perhaps, but still a problem. "Herding" is a strange name for allowing access to almost all the Amateur spectrum. - Mike KB3EIA - You mean the part that doesn't refract from the ionosphere, right? 73 de Alun, N3KIP |
"Dee Flint" wrote in
: "Alun L. Palmer" wrote in message .. . Mike Coslo wrote in : [big, big snip. Do you have to quote EVERYTHING??] Well, it is a problem. No-coders may have been in the hobby, but they couldn't do everything that they wanted to do. Not that I'm saying that the Tech theory should get you full privileges, but there have always been many Techs who could pass Extra class theory. Herding them above 30 MHz is a problem, not for you perhaps, but still a problem. No one can do everything they want to, not even the Extras. We must comply with the mode regulations, special power limits in the old novice subbands, and we should comply with the band plans. Certainly, but that doesn't stop us from advocating that those rules be changed. A rule that those who can't read on/off keying by ear can't refract their signals from the ionosphere is lacking in logic of any kind. There is no "herding" involved. The "gate" wide open. Dee D. Flint, N8UZE No. The gate is shut and only those who can jump over it can get in, but jumping is purely optional once they get in. (More weird metaphors, although I suppose I started this one). |
"Alun L. Palmer" wrote in message
.. . Mike Coslo wrote in : [big, big snip. Do you have to quote EVERYTHING??] Well, it is a problem. No-coders may have been in the hobby, but they couldn't do everything that they wanted to do. Not that I'm saying that the Tech theory should get you full privileges, but there have always been many Techs who could pass Extra class theory. Herding them above 30 MHz is a problem, not for you perhaps, but still a problem. No one can do everything they want to, not even the Extras. We must comply with the mode regulations, special power limits in the old novice subbands, and we should comply with the band plans. Certainly, but that doesn't stop us from advocating that those rules be changed. A rule that those who can't read on/off keying by ear can't refract their signals from the ionosphere is lacking in logic of any kind. Quite true, Alun, but that isn't the real subject for morsemen. The morsemen insist and insist and insist on keeping the morse test because that is what They had to undergo. If They had to do it, then all others must do it. U.S. amateur radio was never chartered to be a living museum of archaic radiotelegraphy skills. There is no need to maintain any morse telegraphic skills through federal subsidy of any kind in this new millennium. But, to most morsemen, having developed the telegraphy skill, they have a bragging right to show their "superiority" in radio. Never mind that such "superiority" is one of myth and fantasy and exists today solely in amateur radio. Morsemen have bought into their Belief system that the federal government Must support/defend/cherish morse skills because that is the way They believe. In a few it is the fear of loss of their "greatness" in radio (of the amateur variety) as they age. They desperately want to preserve their status and their Beliefs that they bought into long ago. They dare not change anything in their hobby...such change is perceived as a threat to their survival...so they rationalize the radiotelegraphy "need" and bitterly condemn all who seek change. There is no "herding" involved. The "gate" wide open. No. The gate is shut and only those who can jump over it can get in, but jumping is purely optional once they get in. (More weird metaphors, although I suppose I started this one). Alun, you didn't "start" that. You have to understand that morsemen (and morsepersons) MUST retain all regulations as they are now. To change them might result in loss of the morse test andthat is something they cannot abide. Ergo, the rationalization that LAWS MUST BE OBEYED and, by very strong inference, those laws cannot ever be changed! Of course laws must be obeyed. There would be no reason to have them if they weren't. However, there is NO reason to prohibit CHANGE of law by established, rightful democratic- principle action. However, CHANGE is anathema to morsepeople for, if some laws on amateur radio are changed, then the morse code test necessity might be changed. They can't have that. So, there is this self-righteous insistence on "legality" of obeyance and the rejection (an illegality itself) of the ability to change law. [by any means possible, apparently...:-) ] |
Alun L. Palmer wrote:
Mike Coslo wrote in : Alun L. Palmer wrote: Mike Coslo wrote in : some snippage I don't know if any of us geniuses have though about it, but lets say in a country where a business can get successfully sued for a woman not knowing that here hot coffee was hot, and burning herself when trying to hold the darn thing between her legs. (sorry Phil, but what if she simply ruined her dress because the coffee was wet?- negligent design of the cup?) So lets have a newbie ham that fires up his/her kilowatt rig, and is half fried because no one told him not to touch the wirey thingies on the back of the box thingy. Ohh, I can see the successful lawsuits already! I've nailed myself with 50 watts, enough to produce a painful burn and a cute little scar on the boo-boo finger. Some dunce that catches a ride on a thousand watts might just have a very successful lawsuit if we don't train them well. RF Safety should be the FIRST order of the day, and NO one should be a Ham until they are tested for RF safety to the ability to handle full legal limit. And those who think that limiting the finals voltage, or some other weird thing is the answer, are advised to think about things such as Technician Hams operating under supervision. It only takes a second to drop a paper and reach behind a Rig. Less time than the control op can react. I want those Technicians to be exposed to full power safety requirements. Anything else is criminally negligent. It would be interesting to see what the JA 4th class *written* exam looks like. And as mentioned before, the number of JA station licenses and new operator licenses is way down. That's 18, I didn't count both Austria and Australia! OK. But it's still a small fraction of the number of hams and the number of countries. The big questions: Must all countries drop the code test because a few have decided to? Or can each country decide for itself. Each country can do as it chooses, but the trend is to abolish the code test. The trend in most countries is to ban or severely restrict individual ownership of firearms, too. Has the change caused lots of new growth in countries that have dropped code testing? No, but it's increased HF activity in those countries So all it's done is to permit *existing* hams to upgrade. But it *hasn't* brought in lots of new folks. Which means the Morse code isn't the "problem" some people make it out to be. - Mike KB3EIA - Well, it is a problem. No-coders may have been in the hobby, but they couldn't do everything that they wanted to do. People who have not passed the test have been kept out of things they want to do in the hobby too. Not that I'm saying that the Tech theory should get you full privileges, but there have always been many Techs who could pass Extra class theory. Yup, Like me. But I apparently showed the character flaw od learning Morse code! ;^) So did I, but it was hell! Yeah, for me too! 6 months of daily studying, one failed test, and finally passing it. I think that my brain processes audio differently than does those people with normal hearing. If it wasn't a hazing process, then I'm a Dutchman Don't take it personally! Some people learn Morse pretty easily, and for some it is hard. Is it a hazing process if it is easy? Same goes for the writtens. I can assure you that no group of Hams ever sat down and said "Let's give this Coslo guy a rough time and make him learn Morse code". As a guy who can't "hear" people unless he can see the mouth of the person speaking, I have just a little trouble figuring out the problem with normal people for which the test is too hard to make it worth getting a license. But it is! Witness all those who are dropping off the ranks when their license expires. I predict the next tack of the NCI's is that not allowing the codeless Techs HF access is why they aren't renewing their license. Certainly that must be true of some of them. What proportion, I couldn't say. That would certainly be an interesting outlook for a person. Let us say that a person became a ham in 1994, and has a combined intense interest in operation below 30 MHz, and deep seated conviction against Morse code testing, leading to refusal to take the Element 1 test. Somehow doesn't ring true. I think that those who want to get rid of Element one testing would be better off to not try that argument. That would be reminiscent of the old "Jump Frog" joke! Herding them above 30 MHz is a problem, not for you perhaps, but still a problem. "Herding" is a strange name for allowing access to almost all the Amateur spectrum. - Mike KB3EIA - You mean the part that doesn't refract from the ionosphere, right? Let us not forget 6 meters. - Mike KB3EIA - |
wrote in news:1108923304.842883.81670
@z14g2000cwz.googlegroups.com: "Alun L. Palmer" wrote in message .. . Mike Coslo wrote in : [big, big snip. Do you have to quote EVERYTHING??] Well, it is a problem. No-coders may have been in the hobby, but they couldn't do everything that they wanted to do. Not that I'm saying that the Tech theory should get you full privileges, but there have always been many Techs who could pass Extra class theory. Herding them above 30 MHz is a problem, not for you perhaps, but still a problem. No one can do everything they want to, not even the Extras. We must comply with the mode regulations, special power limits in the old novice subbands, and we should comply with the band plans. Certainly, but that doesn't stop us from advocating that those rules be changed. A rule that those who can't read on/off keying by ear can't refract their signals from the ionosphere is lacking in logic of any kind. Quite true, Alun, but that isn't the real subject for morsemen. The morsemen insist and insist and insist on keeping the morse test because that is what They had to undergo. If They had to do it, then all others must do it. U.S. amateur radio was never chartered to be a living museum of archaic radiotelegraphy skills. There is no need to maintain any morse telegraphic skills through federal subsidy of any kind in this new millennium. But, to most morsemen, having developed the telegraphy skill, they have a bragging right to show their "superiority" in radio. Never mind that such "superiority" is one of myth and fantasy and exists today solely in amateur radio. Morsemen have bought into their Belief system that the federal government Must support/defend/cherish morse skills because that is the way They believe. In a few it is the fear of loss of their "greatness" in radio (of the amateur variety) as they age. They desperately want to preserve their status and their Beliefs that they bought into long ago. They dare not change anything in their hobby...such change is perceived as a threat to their survival...so they rationalize the radiotelegraphy "need" and bitterly condemn all who seek change. There is no "herding" involved. The "gate" wide open. No. The gate is shut and only those who can jump over it can get in, but jumping is purely optional once they get in. (More weird metaphors, although I suppose I started this one). Alun, you didn't "start" that. You have to understand that morsemen (and morsepersons) MUST retain all regulations as they are now. To change them might result in loss of the morse test andthat is something they cannot abide. Ergo, the rationalization that LAWS MUST BE OBEYED and, by very strong inference, those laws cannot ever be changed! Of course laws must be obeyed. There would be no reason to have them if they weren't. However, there is NO reason to prohibit CHANGE of law by established, rightful democratic- principle action. However, CHANGE is anathema to morsepeople for, if some laws on amateur radio are changed, then the morse code test necessity might be changed. They can't have that. So, there is this self-righteous insistence on "legality" of obeyance and the rejection (an illegality itself) of the ability to change law. [by any means possible, apparently...:-) ] What more can I say, Len? I agree with every word you said. |
Alun L. Palmer wrote:
"Dee Flint" wrote in : "Alun L. Palmer" wrote in message ... Mike Coslo wrote in : [big, big snip. Do you have to quote EVERYTHING??] Well, it is a problem. No-coders may have been in the hobby, but they couldn't do everything that they wanted to do. Not that I'm saying that the Tech theory should get you full privileges, but there have always been many Techs who could pass Extra class theory. Herding them above 30 MHz is a problem, not for you perhaps, but still a problem. No one can do everything they want to, not even the Extras. We must comply with the mode regulations, special power limits in the old novice subbands, and we should comply with the band plans. Certainly, but that doesn't stop us from advocating that those rules be changed. A rule that those who can't read on/off keying by ear can't refract their signals from the ionosphere is lacking in logic of any kind. An argument can be made that no one should be tested at all. Freebanders do it all the time. All rules are arbitrary. But somewhere, somehow, a group of people decided that those were the rules. Those rules came from rules that were in force previously. The rules change constantly. That's a fact. One of those changes 10 or so years ago was to give access to *most* of our allotted frequencies to people without having them take a code test. Also a fact. This has had mixed results. Also a fact. Possibilities: Removal of the Morse code test has made the testing process easier. This has allowed people who have only a passing interest in Ham radio to get their license. Passing interests pass, and they allow their licenses to lapse. The Morse code tests are so hard that the No-code Technician either becomes so discouraged that they quit, or their convictions are so strong that they would rather not be a Ham than take the Element one test. You can decide for yourself which sounds more likely. There is no "herding" involved. The "gate" wide open. Dee D. Flint, N8UZE No. The gate is shut and only those who can jump over it can get in, but jumping is purely optional once they get in. (More weird metaphors, although I suppose I started this one). I pounded and pounded and pounded that key until I broke the gate down.......... (yoiks) 8^) - Mike KB3EIA - |
Mike Coslo wrote in
: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Mike Coslo wrote in : Alun L. Palmer wrote: Mike Coslo wrote in : some snippage I don't know if any of us geniuses have though about it, but lets say in a country where a business can get successfully sued for a woman not knowing that here hot coffee was hot, and burning herself when trying to hold the darn thing between her legs. (sorry Phil, but what if she simply ruined her dress because the coffee was wet?- negligent design of the cup?) So lets have a newbie ham that fires up his/her kilowatt rig, and is half fried because no one told him not to touch the wirey thingies on the back of the box thingy. Ohh, I can see the successful lawsuits already! I've nailed myself with 50 watts, enough to produce a painful burn and a cute little scar on the boo-boo finger. Some dunce that catches a ride on a thousand watts might just have a very successful lawsuit if we don't train them well. RF Safety should be the FIRST order of the day, and NO one should be a Ham until they are tested for RF safety to the ability to handle full legal limit. And those who think that limiting the finals voltage, or some other weird thing is the answer, are advised to think about things such as Technician Hams operating under supervision. It only takes a second to drop a paper and reach behind a Rig. Less time than the control op can react. I want those Technicians to be exposed to full power safety requirements. Anything else is criminally negligent. It would be interesting to see what the JA 4th class *written* exam looks like. And as mentioned before, the number of JA station licenses and new operator licenses is way down. That's 18, I didn't count both Austria and Australia! OK. But it's still a small fraction of the number of hams and the number of countries. The big questions: Must all countries drop the code test because a few have decided to? Or can each country decide for itself. Each country can do as it chooses, but the trend is to abolish the code test. The trend in most countries is to ban or severely restrict individual ownership of firearms, too. Has the change caused lots of new growth in countries that have dropped code testing? No, but it's increased HF activity in those countries So all it's done is to permit *existing* hams to upgrade. But it *hasn't* brought in lots of new folks. Which means the Morse code isn't the "problem" some people make it out to be. - Mike KB3EIA - Well, it is a problem. No-coders may have been in the hobby, but they couldn't do everything that they wanted to do. People who have not passed the test have been kept out of things they want to do in the hobby too. Not that I'm saying that the Tech theory should get you full privileges, but there have always been many Techs who could pass Extra class theory. Yup, Like me. But I apparently showed the character flaw od learning Morse code! ;^) So did I, but it was hell! Yeah, for me too! 6 months of daily studying, one failed test, and finally passing it. I think that my brain processes audio differently than does those people with normal hearing. I have not posted this point for a long time, as it provokes extreme reactions from the pro code test lobby, but I can beat your 6 months. It took me 22 years. Can you honestly wonder that I feel the way I do? If it wasn't a hazing process, then I'm a Dutchman Don't take it personally! Some people learn Morse pretty easily, and for some it is hard. Is it a hazing process if it is easy? Same goes for the writtens. I can assure you that no group of Hams ever sat down and said "Let's give this Coslo guy a rough time and make him learn Morse code". As a guy who can't "hear" people unless he can see the mouth of the person speaking, I have just a little trouble figuring out the problem with normal people for which the test is too hard to make it worth getting a license. But it is! Witness all those who are dropping off the ranks when their license expires. I predict the next tack of the NCI's is that not allowing the codeless Techs HF access is why they aren't renewing their license. Certainly that must be true of some of them. What proportion, I couldn't say. That would certainly be an interesting outlook for a person. Let us say that a person became a ham in 1994, and has a combined intense interest in operation below 30 MHz, and deep seated conviction against Morse code testing, leading to refusal to take the Element 1 test. Somehow doesn't ring true. It was true enough of me, although I became a no-code ham in 1980 (in the UK), more or less in defeat at having tried unsuccessfully to learn Morse code ever since 1970, and passed a code test in 1992. Getting a no-code licence was something I only did because I was resigned to not getting the HF access that I wanted. It was a case of thinking it was silly to stay off the air altogether just because I couldn't get on HF, and it took me a long time, i.e. 10 years, to grudgingly reach that conclusion. Eventually passing the code test was helped by software that didn't exist back in 1970, and the help of dear friends who took turns to send slow CW transmissions several times a week that I knew were being done mainly just for my benefit. Sure, others tuned in, but they stopped sending them when I passed! I owe them a great deal. Here's another interesting fact. I was teaching ham radio classes for years before I passed the bleeping code! If none of this rings true, I can assure that every word is the truth. As I said, all of this has been posted here before, but not recently. My own history hasn't proved as effective as an argument as simply pointing out that none of the arguments in favour of retaining code testing hold as much water as a leaky bucket! I think that those who want to get rid of Element one testing would be better off to not try that argument. That would be reminiscent of the old "Jump Frog" joke! Except that the circumstances I describe never struck me as a joke. Herding them above 30 MHz is a problem, not for you perhaps, but still a problem. "Herding" is a strange name for allowing access to almost all the Amateur spectrum. - Mike KB3EIA - You mean the part that doesn't refract from the ionosphere, right? Let us not forget 6 meters. - Mike KB3EIA - The magic band is the exception that proves the rule! 73 de Alun, N3KIP, G8VUK |
Alun L. Palmer wrote:
Mike Coslo wrote in : Alun L. Palmer wrote: Mike Coslo wrote in : Alun L. Palmer wrote: Mike Coslo wrote in : some snippage I don't know if any of us geniuses have though about it, but lets say in a country where a business can get successfully sued for a woman not knowing that here hot coffee was hot, and burning herself when trying to hold the darn thing between her legs. (sorry Phil, but what if she simply ruined her dress because the coffee was wet?- negligent design of the cup?) So lets have a newbie ham that fires up his/her kilowatt rig, and is half fried because no one told him not to touch the wirey thingies on the back of the box thingy. Ohh, I can see the successful lawsuits already! I've nailed myself with 50 watts, enough to produce a painful burn and a cute little scar on the boo-boo finger. Some dunce that catches a ride on a thousand watts might just have a very successful lawsuit if we don't train them well. RF Safety should be the FIRST order of the day, and NO one should be a Ham until they are tested for RF safety to the ability to handle full legal limit. And those who think that limiting the finals voltage, or some other weird thing is the answer, are advised to think about things such as Technician Hams operating under supervision. It only takes a second to drop a paper and reach behind a Rig. Less time than the control op can react. I want those Technicians to be exposed to full power safety requirements. Anything else is criminally negligent. It would be interesting to see what the JA 4th class *written* exam looks like. And as mentioned before, the number of JA station licenses and new operator licenses is way down. That's 18, I didn't count both Austria and Australia! OK. But it's still a small fraction of the number of hams and the number of countries. The big questions: Must all countries drop the code test because a few have decided to? Or can each country decide for itself. Each country can do as it chooses, but the trend is to abolish the code test. The trend in most countries is to ban or severely restrict individual ownership of firearms, too. Has the change caused lots of new growth in countries that have dropped code testing? No, but it's increased HF activity in those countries So all it's done is to permit *existing* hams to upgrade. But it *hasn't* brought in lots of new folks. Which means the Morse code isn't the "problem" some people make it out to be. - Mike KB3EIA - Well, it is a problem. No-coders may have been in the hobby, but they couldn't do everything that they wanted to do. People who have not passed the test have been kept out of things they want to do in the hobby too. Not that I'm saying that the Tech theory should get you full privileges, but there have always been many Techs who could pass Extra class theory. Yup, Like me. But I apparently showed the character flaw od learning Morse code! ;^) So did I, but it was hell! Yeah, for me too! 6 months of daily studying, one failed test, and finally passing it. I think that my brain processes audio differently than does those people with normal hearing. I have not posted this point for a long time, as it provokes extreme reactions from the pro code test lobby, but I can beat your 6 months. It took me 22 years. Can you honestly wonder that I feel the way I do? That is quite a long time. What was the reason that it took you 22 years? My reason was hearing problems, and a presumed mental processing of sound deficit. What was the total study time? If it wasn't a hazing process, then I'm a Dutchman Don't take it personally! Some people learn Morse pretty easily, and for some it is hard. Is it a hazing process if it is easy? Same goes for the writtens. I can assure you that no group of Hams ever sat down and said "Let's give this Coslo guy a rough time and make him learn Morse code". As a guy who can't "hear" people unless he can see the mouth of the person speaking, I have just a little trouble figuring out the problem with normal people for which the test is too hard to make it worth getting a license. But it is! Witness all those who are dropping off the ranks when their license expires. I predict the next tack of the NCI's is that not allowing the codeless Techs HF access is why they aren't renewing their license. Certainly that must be true of some of them. What proportion, I couldn't say. That would certainly be an interesting outlook for a person. Let us say that a person became a ham in 1994, and has a combined intense interest in operation below 30 MHz, and deep seated conviction against Morse code testing, leading to refusal to take the Element 1 test. Somehow doesn't ring true. It was true enough of me, although I became a no-code ham in 1980 (in the UK), more or less in defeat at having tried unsuccessfully to learn Morse code ever since 1970, and passed a code test in 1992. Getting a no-code licence was something I only did because I was resigned to not getting the HF access that I wanted. It was a case of thinking it was silly to stay off the air altogether just because I couldn't get on HF, and it took me a long time, i.e. 10 years, to grudgingly reach that conclusion. Eventually passing the code test was helped by software that didn't exist back in 1970, and the help of dear friends who took turns to send slow CW transmissions several times a week that I knew were being done mainly just for my benefit. Sure, others tuned in, but they stopped sending them when I passed! I owe them a great deal. Here's another interesting fact. I was teaching ham radio classes for years before I passed the bleeping code! If none of this rings true, I can assure that every word is the truth. I believe you. And you didn't do what my hypothetical Technician did either. You kept with it an eventually passed As I said, all of this has been posted here before, but not recently. My own history hasn't proved as effective as an argument as simply pointing out that none of the arguments in favour of retaining code testing hold as much water as a leaky bucket! Except here is what I see as the difference. You had difficulties with Element one, and so did I. You want the test eliminated because you had a hard time of it. I don't want the test removed just because of my personal trouble with it. We all have walls to climb in life. Some peoples walls are higher than others. I'll climb my own walls, and not try to change everyone elses walls. YMMV. I think that those who want to get rid of Element one testing would be better off to not try that argument. That would be reminiscent of the old "Jump Frog" joke! Except that the circumstances I describe never struck me as a joke. I had enough problems that it was no joke to me either. But my point wasn't about the test specifically, it was the conclusion that people reach regarding Morse code testing and the people coming into or leaving the ARS. Just so you know what the joke was about: A scientist was conducting an experiment. He took a frog, and sat it on the floor. Then he said: "Jump, frog, Jump!" The frog jumps 6 feet. The scientist writes in his notebook *Frog with four legs jumps 6 feet*. Then he cuts off one of the frog's legs... "Jump, frog, Jump!" The frog jumps 4 feet. The scientist writes in his notebook *Frog with three legs jumps 4 feet*. He cuts off another leg. "Jump, frog, Jump!" The frog jumps 2 feet. The scientist writes in his notebook *Frog with two legs jumps 2 feet*. Then he cuts off the third leg. "Jump, frog, Jump!" With a mighty struggle, the frog jumps 1 feet. The scientist writes in his notebook *Frog with 1 leg jumps 1 foot*. Then he cuts off the final leg. "Jump, frog, Jump!" The frog just sits there. "Jump, frog, Jump!" The frog still just sits there. The scientist writes in his notebook *Frog with no legs is deaf. Herding them above 30 MHz is a problem, not for you perhaps, but still a problem. "Herding" is a strange name for allowing access to almost all the Amateur spectrum. - Mike KB3EIA - You mean the part that doesn't refract from the ionosphere, right? Let us not forget 6 meters. - Mike KB3EIA - The magic band is the exception that proves the rule! 73 de Alun, N3KIP, G8VUK |
"Mike Coslo" wrote in message ... Alun L. Palmer wrote: [snip] No. The gate is shut and only those who can jump over it can get in, but jumping is purely optional once they get in. (More weird metaphors, although I suppose I started this one). I pounded and pounded and pounded that key until I broke the gate down.......... (yoiks) 8^) - Mike KB3EIA - As did I. Now in retrospect, I can see that it was me that was making it hard rather than it actually being hard. Dee D. Flint, N8UZE |
Mike Coslo pounded his brass on Feb 20, 3:29 pm and posted this:
Alun L. Palmer wrote: "Dee Flint" wrote in : "Alun L. Palmer" wrote in message 0... No one can do everything they want to, not even the Extras. We must comply with the mode regulations, special power limits in the old novice subbands, and we should comply with the band plans. Certainly, but that doesn't stop us from advocating that those rules be changed. A rule that those who can't read on/off keying by ear can't refract their signals from the ionosphere is lacking in logic of any kind. An argument can be made that no one should be tested at all. Freebanders do it all the time. All rules are arbitrary. That's an absurd counter to what Alun said. NO ONE was talking about "freebanders." NO ONE was talking about "no test at all." Alan spoke of the equally-absurd notion by some that personal radiotelegraphy skill "enables" operation of radios on HF. Absolutely NO qualification for such a thought held by many control-freak morsemen in ham radio. There's NO such "enablement" except in the emotional fantasies of some. The talk was of the MORSE CODE TEST, not the written tests. Try for some semblance of focus. But somewhere, somehow, a group of people decided that those were the rules. Those rules came from rules that were in force previously. The rules change constantly. That's a fact. Those "facts" have little to do with this so-called technical necessity to personally know morse in order to make an HF or MF transmitter work. Tens of thousands of "radio operators" ranging from military to civilians have successfully operated HF radios without possessing any ability to do morse code. For years. Worldwide. One of those changes 10 or so years ago was to give access to *most* of our allotted frequencies to people without having them take a code test. Also a fact. Not quite correct. The Report & Order establishing the no-code-test Technician class U.S. amateur radio license went into effect in 1991. That's over 13 years ago. A fact. Those Technicians were NOT allowed any privileges below 30 MHz, also a fact. The Technician class license was the fastest-growing class in U.S. amateur radio (among all classes) from 1991 to the recent Restructuring. A fact. One that the morsemen are loathe to discuss; if not "loathe," then they are generally hostile to that concept. :-) Removal of the Morse code test has made the testing process easier. This has allowed people who have only a passing interest in Ham radio to get their license. Passing interests pass, and they allow their licenses to lapse. Oh! Tsk, TSK! What sort do these newcomers encounter when entering amateur radio as newbies? They meet some angry olde men of morsemanship babbling absurdities of how "superior" they are because they can do high-speed radiotelegraphy and that (according to them) defines "real hams." "No-coders" are shunned by those olde morseaholics, regarded as second-class sub-humans who are said to be "stupid" because they can't or don't develop the psychomotor skills necessary to emulate a morse modem. Those self-righteous macho-wannabe morsemen simply don't understand that the hobby of amateur radio was never defined solely for radiotelegraphy. Meeting the bitterness and social pariahdom imposed by those self-righteous morsemen would make ordinary hobbyists look elsewhere for fun. There are many, many different kinds of hobby fun elsewhere. The Morse code tests are so hard that the No-code Technician either becomes so discouraged that they quit, or their convictions are so strong that they would rather not be a Ham than take the Element one test. Oh, my, the "conviction to the 'cause'" and "dedication to the ham community" is an intrinsic part of being a "real" ham?!? Tsk, another self- righteous emotional personal concept which has NO basis in reality. Ah, yes, one can almost picture the NOS "recruiting" posters and aphorisms springing up about "Learn Radiotelegraphy to Join 'The Service'!!!" Outdated garbage phrases left over from the 1930s... :-( You can decide for yourself which sounds more likely. Tsk, tsk, tsk. "Loading" a "reason?" That's absurd and illogical. The ONLY thing tangible about this stupid necessity to pass a morse code test is the hate and bitterness of the olde morsemen who bitch and whine about "no- coders" who weren't "man enough" to Do As They Did. Please explain the "rules" involved in "showing commitment" to this "amateur community" and what special non-FCC forms have to be submitted to "gain approval"? And just who rules on this alleged commitment and dedication? There is no "herding" involved. The "gate" wide open. Mama Dee, you know very well the regulations were made to favor the olde morsemen. Guess who lobbied for that? :-) No. The gate is shut and only those who can jump over it can get in, but jumping is purely optional once they get in. (More weird metaphors, although I suppose I started this one). I pounded and pounded and pounded that key until I broke the gate down.......... (yoiks) 8^) Tsk, tsk, tsk, Coslo. You just do NOT understand what that "gate" is. You capitulated to the olde-tymers, bought into the system, became an "extra" so that you could lord it over other, lesser-class amateurs (the seeming norm among the extras, particularly the NCTA extras). The olde-tyme morsemen in hamdom wanted their private HF playground where they could pose and posture and otherwise carry on like the "superior" radio operators they thought they were. So, the original 5 WPM morse test rate was upped and upped until, years later, the 20 WPM morse test defined the "extra" class. If you wish to redefine U.S. amateur radio as the Archaic Radiotelegraphy Society (ARS), feel free. Champion morse code all you want. Lobby to keep the morse test so that you will have some new playmates (maybe) in your radio playground for your later years. Feel "superior." In the new millennium only amateur radio uses morse code for communications; all the other radio services that once used morse have dropped it. The maritime radio users have voice and data as their major modes of open-ocean radio communications...the olde-tyme "sparky" is almost extinct. Keep watching as attrition and very few newcomers make ham radio (as you know it) become equally extinct. |
Mike Coslo wrote in
: Alun L. Palmer wrote: Mike Coslo wrote in : Alun L. Palmer wrote: Mike Coslo wrote in : Alun L. Palmer wrote: Mike Coslo wrote in : some snippage I don't know if any of us geniuses have though about it, but lets say in a country where a business can get successfully sued for a woman not knowing that here hot coffee was hot, and burning herself when trying to hold the darn thing between her legs. (sorry Phil, but what if she simply ruined her dress because the coffee was wet?- negligent design of the cup?) So lets have a newbie ham that fires up his/her kilowatt rig, and is half fried because no one told him not to touch the wirey thingies on the back of the box thingy. Ohh, I can see the successful lawsuits already! I've nailed myself with 50 watts, enough to produce a painful burn and a cute little scar on the boo-boo finger. Some dunce that catches a ride on a thousand watts might just have a very successful lawsuit if we don't train them well. RF Safety should be the FIRST order of the day, and NO one should be a Ham until they are tested for RF safety to the ability to handle full legal limit. And those who think that limiting the finals voltage, or some other weird thing is the answer, are advised to think about things such as Technician Hams operating under supervision. It only takes a second to drop a paper and reach behind a Rig. Less time than the control op can react. I want those Technicians to be exposed to full power safety requirements. Anything else is criminally negligent. It would be interesting to see what the JA 4th class *written* exam looks like. And as mentioned before, the number of JA station licenses and new operator licenses is way down. That's 18, I didn't count both Austria and Australia! OK. But it's still a small fraction of the number of hams and the number of countries. The big questions: Must all countries drop the code test because a few have decided to? Or can each country decide for itself. Each country can do as it chooses, but the trend is to abolish the code test. The trend in most countries is to ban or severely restrict individual ownership of firearms, too. Has the change caused lots of new growth in countries that have dropped code testing? No, but it's increased HF activity in those countries So all it's done is to permit *existing* hams to upgrade. But it *hasn't* brought in lots of new folks. Which means the Morse code isn't the "problem" some people make it out to be. - Mike KB3EIA - Well, it is a problem. No-coders may have been in the hobby, but they couldn't do everything that they wanted to do. People who have not passed the test have been kept out of things they want to do in the hobby too. Not that I'm saying that the Tech theory should get you full privileges, but there have always been many Techs who could pass Extra class theory. Yup, Like me. But I apparently showed the character flaw od learning Morse code! ;^) So did I, but it was hell! Yeah, for me too! 6 months of daily studying, one failed test, and finally passing it. I think that my brain processes audio differently than does those people with normal hearing. I have not posted this point for a long time, as it provokes extreme reactions from the pro code test lobby, but I can beat your 6 months. It took me 22 years. Can you honestly wonder that I feel the way I do? That is quite a long time. What was the reason that it took you 22 years? My reason was hearing problems, and a presumed mental processing of sound deficit. I don't know. My hearing is OK as far as I know. What was the total study time? Hard to say. I gave up completely over and over again, but I kept coming back to it because I still wanted to get on HF. If it wasn't a hazing process, then I'm a Dutchman Don't take it personally! Some people learn Morse pretty easily, and for some it is hard. Is it a hazing process if it is easy? Same goes for the writtens. I can assure you that no group of Hams ever sat down and said "Let's give this Coslo guy a rough time and make him learn Morse code". As a guy who can't "hear" people unless he can see the mouth of the person speaking, I have just a little trouble figuring out the problem with normal people for which the test is too hard to make it worth getting a license. But it is! Witness all those who are dropping off the ranks when their license expires. I predict the next tack of the NCI's is that not allowing the codeless Techs HF access is why they aren't renewing their license. Certainly that must be true of some of them. What proportion, I couldn't say. That would certainly be an interesting outlook for a person. Let us say that a person became a ham in 1994, and has a combined intense interest in operation below 30 MHz, and deep seated conviction against Morse code testing, leading to refusal to take the Element 1 test. Somehow doesn't ring true. It was true enough of me, although I became a no-code ham in 1980 (in the UK), more or less in defeat at having tried unsuccessfully to learn Morse code ever since 1970, and passed a code test in 1992. Getting a no-code licence was something I only did because I was resigned to not getting the HF access that I wanted. It was a case of thinking it was silly to stay off the air altogether just because I couldn't get on HF, and it took me a long time, i.e. 10 years, to grudgingly reach that conclusion. Eventually passing the code test was helped by software that didn't exist back in 1970, and the help of dear friends who took turns to send slow CW transmissions several times a week that I knew were being done mainly just for my benefit. Sure, others tuned in, but they stopped sending them when I passed! I owe them a great deal. Here's another interesting fact. I was teaching ham radio classes for years before I passed the bleeping code! If none of this rings true, I can assure that every word is the truth. I believe you. And you didn't do what my hypothetical Technician did either. You kept with it an eventually passed Eventually is right As I said, all of this has been posted here before, but not recently. My own history hasn't proved as effective as an argument as simply pointing out that none of the arguments in favour of retaining code testing hold as much water as a leaky bucket! Except here is what I see as the difference. You had difficulties with Element one, and so did I. You want the test eliminated because you had a hard time of it. I don't want the test removed just because of my personal trouble with it. Six months isn't that long though, is it? We all have walls to climb in life. Some peoples walls are higher than others. I'll climb my own walls, and not try to change everyone elses walls. YMMV. I think that those who want to get rid of Element one testing would be better off to not try that argument. That would be reminiscent of the old "Jump Frog" joke! Except that the circumstances I describe never struck me as a joke. I had enough problems that it was no joke to me either. But my point wasn't about the test specifically, it was the conclusion that people reach regarding Morse code testing and the people coming into or leaving the ARS. I think it's probably true that having the no-code licence has increased turnover, but we don't know why. Nobody has done any research on this point. Doubtless some have used a no-code licence as a substitute for a cellphone. Doubtless some who had only a passing interest got a Tech licence and then moved on, but we have to factor in that they had no exposure to HF. I'm sure that others found that the 'consolation prize' of 50MHz and up wasn't enough of a consolation to bother renewing. Just so you know what the joke was about: A scientist was conducting an experiment. He took a frog, and sat it on the floor. Then he said: "Jump, frog, Jump!" The frog jumps 6 feet. The scientist writes in his notebook *Frog with four legs jumps 6 feet*. Then he cuts off one of the frog's legs... "Jump, frog, Jump!" The frog jumps 4 feet. The scientist writes in his notebook *Frog with three legs jumps 4 feet*. He cuts off another leg. "Jump, frog, Jump!" The frog jumps 2 feet. The scientist writes in his notebook *Frog with two legs jumps 2 feet*. Then he cuts off the third leg. "Jump, frog, Jump!" With a mighty struggle, the frog jumps 1 feet. The scientist writes in his notebook *Frog with 1 leg jumps 1 foot*. Then he cuts off the final leg. "Jump, frog, Jump!" The frog just sits there. "Jump, frog, Jump!" The frog still just sits there. The scientist writes in his notebook *Frog with no legs is deaf. Funny in a macabre sort of way, but hard to see the connection. Herding them above 30 MHz is a problem, not for you perhaps, but still a problem. "Herding" is a strange name for allowing access to almost all the Amateur spectrum. - Mike KB3EIA - You mean the part that doesn't refract from the ionosphere, right? Let us not forget 6 meters. - Mike KB3EIA - The magic band is the exception that proves the rule! 73 de Alun, N3KIP, G8VUK |
Alun L. Palmer wrote: Mike Coslo wrote in : Alun L. Palmer wrote: Mike Coslo wrote in : Alun L. Palmer wrote: Mike Coslo wrote in : some snippage I don't know if any of us geniuses have though about it, but lets say in a country where a business can get successfully sued for a woman not knowing that here hot coffee was hot, and burning herself when trying to hold the darn thing between her legs. (sorry Phil, but what if she simply ruined her dress because the coffee was wet?- negligent design of the cup?) The case centered around the fact that the coffee was *extremely* and unreasonably hot. So lets have a newbie ham that fires up his/her kilowatt rig, and is half fried because no one told him not to touch the wirey thingies on the back of the box thingy. Ohh, I can see the successful lawsuits already! So what? There's no license required to operate houshold appliances, nor power tools, which can be extremely dangerous. There's no skills test to pump your own gasoline. Or to climb a ladder. I've nailed myself with 50 watts, enough to produce a painful burn and a cute little scar on the boo-boo finger. Some dunce that catches a ride on a thousand watts might just have a very successful lawsuit if we don't train them well. Who are they going to sue? And on what grounds, compared to other electronic devices? RF Safety should be the FIRST order of the day, and NO one should be a Ham until they are tested for RF safety to the ability to handle full legal limit. The reason for the RF safety questions is to prevent exposing *others* to a hazard. And the FCC has determined that the RF safety requirements of the Tech test are adequate for hams who use up to 1500 W power output on "meat-cooking frequencies". And those who think that limiting the finals voltage, or some other weird thing is the answer, are advised to think about things such as Technician Hams operating under supervision. It only takes a second to drop a paper and reach behind a Rig. Less time than the control op can react. I want those Technicians to be exposed to full power safety requirements. Anything else is criminally negligent. But they are already tested on full-power requirements. It would be interesting to see what the JA 4th class *written* exam looks like. And as mentioned before, the number of JA station licenses and new operator licenses is way down. That's 18, I didn't count both Austria and Australia! OK. But it's still a small fraction of the number of hams and the number of countries. The big questions: Must all countries drop the code test because a few have decided to? Or can each country decide for itself. Each country can do as it chooses, but the trend is to abolish the code test. The trend in most countries is to ban or severely restrict individual ownership of firearms, too. Has the change caused lots of new growth in countries that have dropped code testing? No, but it's increased HF activity in those countries So all it's done is to permit *existing* hams to upgrade. But it *hasn't* brought in lots of new folks. Which means the Morse code isn't the "problem" some people make it out to be. - Mike KB3EIA - Well, it is a problem. No-coders may have been in the hobby, but they couldn't do everything that they wanted to do. People who have not passed the test have been kept out of things they want to do in the hobby too. Not that I'm saying that the Tech theory should get you full privileges, Why shouldn't they? What is so special about HF that it requires so much more testing than VHF/UHF? There's propagation - big deal, it's already covered in the Tech test, since Techs who have passed code can operate on 4 HF bands. There's band edges - another no-counter, just add a couple of questions. There are no modes, technologies, or power levels allowed to Generals or Extras that are not allowed to Techs. So if you say that there is no *need* for code testing to get a General or Extra, then you must logically also accept the argument that there is no *need* for about 95% of what's in the General and Extra tests as well. but there have always been many Techs who could pass Extra class theory. Most could not. Yup, Like me. But I apparently showed the character flaw od learning Morse code! ;^) So did I, but it was hell! Yeah, for me too! 6 months of daily studying, one failed test, and finally passing it. I think that my brain processes audio differently than does those people with normal hearing. I have not posted this point for a long time, as it provokes extreme reactions from the pro code test lobby, but I can beat your 6 months. It took me 22 years. The most extreme reactions I see are those of a few anticode types. Not you, Alun. Can you honestly wonder that I feel the way I do? Why did it take 22 years? And didn't you wind up passing the 20 wpm test? If it wasn't a hazing process, then I'm a Dutchman Don't take it personally! Some people learn Morse pretty easily, and for some it is hard. Is it a hazing process if it is easy? Same goes for the writtens. Exactly! Some people have a very hard time with math. Others with rote memorization of things like band edges. I can assure you that no group of Hams ever sat down and said "Let's give this Coslo guy a rough time and make him learn Morse code". As a guy who can't "hear" people unless he can see the mouth of the person speaking, I have just a little trouble figuring out the problem with normal people for which the test is too hard to make it worth getting a license. But it is! Witness all those who are dropping off the ranks when their license expires. I predict the next tack of the NCI's is that not allowing the codeless Techs HF access is why they aren't renewing their license. Certainly that must be true of some of them. What proportion, I couldn't say. That would certainly be an interesting outlook for a person. Let us say that a person became a ham in 1994, and has a combined intense interest in operation below 30 MHz, and deep seated conviction against Morse code testing, leading to refusal to take the Element 1 test. Somehow doesn't ring true. It was true enough of me, although I became a no-code ham in 1980 (in the UK), more or less in defeat at having tried unsuccessfully to learn Morse code ever since 1970, and passed a code test in 1992. Getting a no-code licence was something I only did because I was resigned to not getting the HF access that I wanted. It was a case of thinking it was silly to stay off the air altogether just because I couldn't get on HF, and it took me a long time, i.e. 10 years, to grudgingly reach that conclusion. WHat were the tesrt requirements in the UK then? Here in the USA, the Novice and Tech were 5 wpm in that time period. Eventually passing the code test was helped by software that didn't exist back in 1970, and the help of dear friends who took turns to send slow CW transmissions several times a week that I knew were being done mainly just for my benefit. Sure, others tuned in, but they stopped sending them when I passed! I owe them a great deal. Code training software for PCs was common here in EPA by the early 1980s. I still have old copies that run on DOS 3.2.. In the 1970s and 1980s, HF was full of non-amateur Morse operation. And the now-changed treaty required code tests. Here's another interesting fact. I was teaching ham radio classes for years before I passed the bleeping code! If none of this rings true, I can assure that every word is the truth. But why did it take you so long, Alun? What study methods did you use? And note that here in the USA, full privileges have been available with just a 5 wpm code test *since 1990*. Of course a medical waiver was needed before 2000, but all such a waiver required was a simple letter from a medical doctor. As I said, all of this has been posted here before, but not recently. My own history hasn't proved as effective as an argument as simply pointing out that none of the arguments in favour of retaining code testing hold as much water as a leaky bucket! Apply you anticodetest arguments to the written tests. Tell us why most of the written tests must remain. Heck, NCVEC is already trying to trash the writtens even more... Is it *really* so unreasonable to require Element 1? Particularly considering the training aids and accomodations now available? 73 de Jim, N2EY |
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